Macron slashes France’s wealth tax in pro-business budget
Anne-Sylvaine Chassany in Paris October 24, 2017
4-5 minutes
France has slashed its contentious wealth tax and introduced a flat rate on capital gains as president Emmanuel Macron used his first budget to unleash business-friendly policies aimed at attracting investors and revitalising the eurozone’s second-largest economy.
The French parliament on Tuesday adopted a package of measures for 2018 that included scrapping the wealth levy on everything except property assets — in effect cutting the tax by 70 per cent. A 30 per cent flat tax rate will also be introduced on capital gains, dividends and interests — a longstanding demand from investors and entrepreneurs.
The tax cuts, which fulfil promises made on the campaign trail, were seized on by Mr Macron’s political opponents as further evidence that he was the “president of the rich”.
Marine Le Pen, leader of the far-right National Front whom he defeated in a presidential runoff in May, said the tax cuts were designed to reward wealthy campaign donors. Thomas Piketty, the leftwing economist, said the measures were a “historical error” that would fuel economic inequality.
Mr Macron’s tax breaks mark a significant departure from the policies of François Hollande, his predecessor. Mr Hollande began his presidency in 2012 by raising taxes on high earners as part of a campaign against “faceless finance”, a move that angered start-up founders and prompted a mini-exodus of bankers to London.
Mr Macron defended the tax cuts as central to his plan to revive growth and jobs. His reforms so far have included efforts to simplify the labour market and introduce financial safeguards for foreign multinationals investing in France.
The president has sought to show that in exchange for a dose of pro-business policies and deregulation at home, he would seek to negotiate more protective trade and labour rules at EU level. On Tuesday he hailed an EU compromise to harden rules for so-called posted workers in the single market as a victory for workers’ rights in France.
My predecessor taxed the wealthiest and those who succeeded like never before. What happened? They left
“My predecessor taxed the wealthiest and those who succeeded like never before. What happened? They left,” Mr Macron said on television last week — ignoring the fact that he was for much of that time an economic adviser to Mr Hollande.
“I will not give in to French jealousy, because this jealousy paralyses the country. We cannot create jobs without entrepreneurs,” he added.
The slashing of the wealth tax is another twist in three decades of wrangling over the levy, which is seen by advocates as a tool to correct inequalities and by critics as a reflection of France’s uneasiness towards money and financial success.
The wealth tax was introduced in 1982 by Francois Mitterrand, France’s first Socialist president, and abolished by Jacques Chirac in 1987, before being reinstated a year later.
In 2016, it was levied on 351,000 households who have personal assets of more than €1.3m, out of a total population of 67m. It yielded about €5bn — or less than 2 per cent of France’s tax receipts. Since 2000, France has experienced a net outflow of 60,000 millionaires, according to research group New World Wealth.
The transformation of the wealth tax into a property levy — ranging from 0.5 per cent to 1.5 per cent on the value of the assets — means it will now yield about €1.5bn, according to estimates. The government will continue to tax gold bars, luxury boats and cars.
Mr Macron’s tax breaks come as his government is cutting monthly student housing benefits by €5 to help France keep its deficit in line with EU requirements. The president has sought to counter criticism by also slashing housing taxes paid by the middle class by about €10bn.