@UNC71-00
Ok I'm back to explain
Champions League. So I'll try not to bore you too much, but it requires a little background first.
Background
FIFA is the overall body that governs soccer (club and international), but underneath the FIFA umbrella there are regions that govern themselves (again, club and international):
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UEFA -- Euurope (EPL is in this one)
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CONMEBOL -- South America
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CONCACAF -- North America / Caribbean (US men's national team / MLS are in this one)
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CAF -- Africa
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AFC -- Asia
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OFC -- Oceanic countries like Indonesia and New Zealand
Each of these regions govern, among other things, their own method of member qualification for the World Cup, various intra-region international tournaments such as the
CONCACAF Gold Cup or
UEFA Euro Championships, and also club competitions like UEFA Champions League. So yeah, basically for the context of English Premier League, you just need to understand that EPL falls under the umbrella of UEFA, and therefore its qualifying teams compete in the UEFA Champions League (there's also a CONCACAF Champions League, for example).
UEFA Champions League
Though every region has its own version of the Champions League, whether called by that name or a different name, the UEFA Champions League is the creme de la creme. It's accepted that Europe has the best club soccer teams in the world, and therefore Champions League is the most prestigious club tournament in the world.
Basically, to understand what Champions League is, think of it as the NCAA basketball tournament (in fact, the structure of college sports, with multiple conferences all competing for the same ultimate trophy, is a pretty good comparison to the structure of European pro soccer). You have many different leagues: English Premiere League, Italian Serie A, German Bundesliga, Holland Eredivisie, etc etc. Basically every country has its own league. And just like with the NCAA Tournament, every league gets one automatic berth (league winner), but then the best leagues get at-large berths as well. In the Champions League, each league gets a pre-determined number of Champs League spots. For example, the EPL gets 4 spots, Spain's La Liga gets 4 spots, German Bundesliga gets 4 spots, and I believe Italian Serie A gets 3 spots. The number of spots each league gets is fluid and is determined by some complicated coefficient that takes into account how each league's teams fare in Champions League and Europa League (an inferior tournament to Champs League) over the last few years.
So what determines which clubs qualify for Champs League? It's based on league finish. So for example, this season, the EPL standings are probably going to end up being 1) Chelsea, 2) Manchester City, 3) Arsenal, 4) Manchester United. Since EPL gets 4 CL spots, those four teams will all be in the Champions League next season. In leagues that only get 1 bid, only the league champion qualifies.
Structure/Format:
Thnk of the UEFA Champions League format as sorta being like the NCAA Tournament but with a lot of play-in games in the beginning. The clubs from the lower-ranked leagues are matched up in two-leg home-and-away series and the winner moves on to the next round. This keeps going until a lot of the qualifying clubs from the lowest leagues are weeded out. Eventually, it wittles down to 32 clubs and from this point on, the setup is similar to the World Cup. They are drawn into 8 groups of 4. This starts the Group Stage.
In the Group Stage, you play the other 3 teams in your group twice, once at home and once away. 3 points for a win, 1 for a draw, 0 for a loss. After the 6 games, the top 2 teams in each group advance. This leaves 16 teams. Teams are drawn and it creates 8 matchups which are played as a home-and-away series. Winning teams advance so there's 8 teams left, then same happens and 4 are left, and same happens and finally 2. The Champions League Final -- which is played in a pre-determined neutral site like the Super Bowl -- is just one leg, a winner-take-all game.
So yeah that's the gist of it. Champions League takes place concurrently with the regular season. CL games are spliced in amongst team's regular league schedules. Champions League is desirable because it's very, veyr lucrative. The further you go in the tourney, the more $$$$ you make. Plus, if you're a Champions League qualifier, you can attract elite players much easier, because they want to play in the Champions League against the world's best.